Composition slab



Jan. 21, 1930. 7A. c. FISCHER V 74 0 COMPOS ITION SLAB driginal FiledMay 10. 1922 ,Patented Jan. 2 1, 193i) proyide to.

UNITE!) STA/TEAS. -PATFJNT oFFicE ALBERTO. ean; or CHICAGO, ILLINoIs,AssIGnoIq'ro rHE PHILIP CAREY MANU- rno'ruame COMPANY, a oonronmgron or01110 COMPQSITION. SLAB 1 Original application The invention relates toimprovement in composition slabs and to the methodoi the constructionofsame, as more fully described hereinafter and particularly pointedout'in'" the claims, and is typified by an expansion joint strip; which: isemployed between rigid building or paving structure to .xfififiionandcontraction of the rigid elements. a I

Heretofore it has been the practice in the manufacture of expansionjoints to impregnate felt stripsiand build them into layers,

, or reinforce asphalt mixtures Withsaturated felt sides, also thepriorart-teachesfibrous;

matter mixed with tar, p1tch or bituminous substances.

' r In all the above the mixtures have been cffect'edrwith heatedliquidor semi-liquid materials, so that the contents are saturatedthoroughly and the mass becomes a saturated mixture and consequentlycontains few if any air cell-s. On the other hand the rigidity oi thefibre for structural purposesis destroyed,

and it does not act as a separate structural skeleton for thesurrounding mass. Conserib fluently, in Warm weather expansion jointsmade by the 'old method become limp and flabby,-*because of their lackof structural framework acting independently of the surroundingmass.

By mymethodof mining cellular granules, unsaturated,

' substances, such as, excelsior 'cut in small lengths, stiff, fibrousflax, etc., and incorporating same in the mixture while the bituminousmatrix is plastic, and therefore lacking in penetration power, I am ableto affect a strucftural skeleton within the matrix which sup ports thematrix in warmer temperature.

I am also able to eifect cells or pockets in the structure which allowfor compressibility,

and because ofithe unsaturated materials or cellular granules the wallsof the bituminous matrix cannot adhere together upon compression andwill, therefore, respond to ex-- pansion' upon release of thecompresslon.

fibrous matter, and other like Certainfibres, such as. mineral wool,which contains "calcium carbonate will cause the walls of the matrix toharden immediately where) in contact, which also makes for a strongerstructure, so that there is a structural strengthening bothby chemicalaction and by preserved'rigidity in the fibrous matter which isunsaturated.

I have ailected through this method the' possibility of eiiectingseveraltypes of structure, namely, a bituminous and fibrous mixture efiecting achemical change, strengthening the structure, a bituminous and fibrousmixture strengthening the structure dueto unsaturated fibrous matter a,bituminous, cellular. structure containing w1thIn the cells granules,such as, cork, whlch in itself 'iscellula'r, screened mineral woolgranules, which arealso cellular, treated wool-granules 1n a cellularstate, and any other like form of cellu- ;-lar or fibrous matted matter,such as, excelsior, digested straw, flax, etc., in an unsaturated state,or at least not solidly saturated, due to penetration of the bituminousmatrix.

The tree like skeletonherein described can best be effected by utilizingstifi', fibrous material, which can readily be securedupon the market.Strands of excelsior, flax 1n an unshredded state, hog bristles,cocoanut fibres, stiil vegetable fibres, such as, broom corn, heavygrasses, twigs, shredded veneer strips, or any like materials may beutilized, as long as they are 1' acketecl-with bituminous material in asufficient quantity to allow a skeleton to be formed therein, such asdescribed, in which the fibrous material remains dry and unpenetrated,toughness and inherent resiliency, because of the cellular structure ofsaid fibrous material being free from bituminousmaterial.

This skeleton structure is best incorporated .in the bituminous materialwhile the latter in order to maintain their is in a warm, plastic state,and may be mixed with limited quantities or abundant quantities,depending upon the strength of the-structure to be obtained, This may beaccomplished by mixing the warm, bituminous material in a suitable mixerand adding the fibrous material, as described, to the bituminousmaterial while it is in a warm, plastic bituminous material state, orthe warm, bituminous material may be poured over the fibrous materialand is completely jacketed with bituminous material, or the heavier,stiff, fibres, as described, may be placed upon a warm, plastic mass ofbituminous material, and a layer of warm, placed thereover and pressedbetween rolls, as is common in a type usually employed in rollingplastic, bituminous material to plastic thickness for expansion joints.For instance, this skeleton structure may be formed by pulling orshredding out a thin veneer-strip and incorporating it in the warm,plastic, bituminous material, which, because of its cooling nature,would not be able to penetrate the fibrous material and would beincorporated in the mass in a forked or branched tree-like structure orskeleton within the bituminous mass, the bituminous matter becoming amatrix or V mould formed about the stiff, fibrous material.

Figure 1 represents an expansion joint containintg1 bituminous material(a) and mineral wool bro (6) the chemical action of the fibres havingstreng liened the bituminous wall immediately about them.

Figure 2 represents an expansion joint containing bituminousmaterial-a-and a treelike, relatively stiff fibrous material I).

An expansion joint as outlined above will hav; the following properties:It will resist heat penetration. It will contain a skeleton structure togive it strength before installation in the crevice.

It will be subjectto considerable compression and will re-expand withmuch less rcsistance.

It Will compress without elongation.

I claim:

1. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional materialcomprising a preponderating proportion of bituminous material and asubordinate proportion of relatively tough tenacious fibers, saidbituminous material and fibers being intermixedwhereby the fibers areinterspersed and distributed throughout the bituminous material.

2. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional materialcomprising a preponderating proportion of bituminous material and asubordinate proportion of relatively long tenacious linear fibers, saidbituminous material and fibers being intermixed whereby the fibers areinterspersed and distributed in substantially parallel relationthroughout the bituminous material.

3. A preformed strip of compressible andelastic constructional materialcomprising a heterogeneous mass of bituminous material and toughtenacious fibers, said fibers and bituminous material being intermixedinto a coherent mass with the fibers interspersed in an unbrokencondition.

4. A preformed strip of compressible and I elasticconstructionalmaterial comprising a heterogeneous mass of ductilebituminous.

material and resilient tenacious fibers, said fibers beingf intermixedand distributed throughout the mass in'an unbroken condition.

-5. A preformed expansion joint comprising' a predominating proportionof ductile bituminous material and a subordinate proportion of solidtough tenacious fibers, the fibers being unsaturated by the bituminousmaterial and distributed therein in an un broken state.

- 6. A preformed expansion joint comprising a predominating proportionof ductile bituminous material and subordinate proportion of solidmaterial distributed throughout the bituminous material to provide askeleton-like structure in the mass. I

7. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional materialcomprising a preponderating proportion of bituminous material and asubordinate proportion of tough tenacious cocoanut fibers, said bitu-'8. A preformed strip of compressible and elastic constructional materialcomprising a heterogenous mass of bituminous material and toughtenacious cocoanut fibers, said cocoanut fibers and bituminous materialbeing intermixed into a coherent mass with the fibers interspersed in anunbroken condition.

9. A preformed expansion joint comprising a predominating proportion ofductile bituminous material and subordinate proportion of solidbristle-like cocoanut fibers distributed throughout the bituminous ma.-terial to provide a skeleton-like structure in the mass. Signed atChicago, Illinois, this 8th day of October, 1925.

' ALBERT C. FISCHER;

